CANCER TREATMENT IN INDIA

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CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (CLL) CANCER TREATMENT IN INDIA !

What is chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)?

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a type of slow growing leukaemia that affects developing B-lymphocytes (also known as B-cells). B-cells are specialised white blood cells which produce antibodies that protect our bodies against disease. In people with Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, lymphocytes undergo a cancerous change and become leukaemic cells.

For many people, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia remains stable for many months and years and has little, if any impact on their lifestyle or general health. Around 30% of people diagnosed with Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia never require any treatment for their disease and can survive for many years despite their diagnosis. For others, the cancer cells multiply in an uncontrolled way. These cells are abnormal and hence unable to function properly. They live longer than they should and accumulate in the bone marrow, blood stream, lymph nodes (glands), spleen, liver and other parts of the body. Over time, an excess number of lymphocytes crowd the bone marrow, and interfere with normal blood cell production. The bone marrow produces inadequate numbers of red cells, normal white blood cells and platelets. This leads to some people with Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia being more susceptible to anaemia, recurrent infections and bruising and bleeding easily. Circulating red blood cells and platelets can also be damaged by abnormal proteins made by the leukaemic cells.

How is it diagnosed?

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is diagnosed by a full blood count (FBC), and a bone marrow biopsy and examination.

How is it treated?

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is generally a slow-growing disease and many people, particularly in the early stages, do not need treatment. Instead the doctor may recommend regular check-ups to carefully monitor health.

Treatment usually only starts once the disease begins to progress, or causes troublesome symptoms. Many people with Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia have the disease for years without it causing any problems.

Treatment can involve chemotherapy, which may be given either in tablet form or through a vein in your hand. Steroids may also be given.

Targeted Therapy: Drugs called monoclonal antibodiesmay be given along with chemotherapy. This drug targets abnormal lymphocytes, allowing chemotherapy to be delivered directly to these cells without causing harmful side effects to other parts of the body.

In some cases, astem cell transplant ( Bone Marrow Transplant or BMT) may be advised.

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